Emergency Department · CCS Case Walkthrough

Chest Pain — Acute Coronary Syndrome

58-year-old male presents to the ED with sudden-onset crushing substernal chest pain radiating to the left arm, diaphoresis, and nausea for the past 45 minutes.

Step-by-Step Approach

  1. Obtain 12-lead ECG within 10 minutes of arrival
  2. Place on continuous cardiac monitor and pulse oximetry
  3. Establish IV access and draw troponin, CBC, BMP, PT/INR, lipid panel
  4. Administer aspirin 325 mg chewable, nitroglycerin SL, morphine if pain persists
  5. Start heparin drip and consider clopidogrel or ticagrelor loading
  6. Obtain chest X-ray to rule out alternative diagnoses
  7. Consult cardiology for possible catheterization
  8. Admit to CCU/telemetry, order serial troponins q6h

Common Orders Checklist

✓ECG
✓Troponin I/T
✓CBC
✓BMP
✓PT/INR
✓Lipid panel
✓Aspirin 325 mg
✓Nitroglycerin SL
✓Heparin drip
✓Morphine PRN
✓Chest X-ray
✓Continuous telemetry
✓Oxygen if SpO2 < 94%
✓Cardiology consult
✓Beta-blocker (metoprolol)
✓Statin

Common Pitfalls

  • ⚠Forgetting to order ECG immediately — this is the #1 timed action
  • ⚠Not giving aspirin early (should be within first 5 minutes)
  • ⚠Ordering a stress test before ruling out STEMI
  • ⚠Missing serial troponins — a single negative troponin does not rule out ACS
  • ⚠Forgetting to advance the clock to check for ST changes or troponin rise

Related Topics

Heart FailureAtrial FibrillationHypertensive Emergency
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