Emergency Department · CCS Case Walkthrough
Shortness of Breath — Community-Acquired Pneumonia
72-year-old female presents with 3 days of productive cough, fever to 102°F, chills, and progressive dyspnea on exertion.
Step-by-Step Approach
- Assess vitals including SpO2, start supplemental O2 if needed
- Obtain chest X-ray (PA and lateral)
- Order CBC, BMP, blood cultures x2, sputum culture, procalcitonin
- Calculate CURB-65 or PSI score to determine disposition
- Start empiric antibiotics — ceftriaxone + azithromycin for inpatient
- Order IV fluids if hypotensive or dehydrated
- Reassess at 24–48 hours; narrow antibiotics based on culture results
- DVT prophylaxis if admitted
Common Orders Checklist
✓Chest X-ray PA/lateral
✓CBC with differential
✓BMP
✓Blood cultures x2
✓Sputum culture and Gram stain
✓Procalcitonin
✓Lactate
✓Ceftriaxone 1g IV
✓Azithromycin 500 mg IV/PO
✓NS bolus
✓Supplemental O2
✓Incentive spirometry
✓DVT prophylaxis
Common Pitfalls
- ⚠Not ordering blood cultures BEFORE starting antibiotics
- ⚠Forgetting to assess severity — inpatient vs outpatient changes treatment
- ⚠Missing lactate in a potentially septic patient
- ⚠Not starting DVT prophylaxis on admission
- ⚠Using fluoroquinolone monotherapy in a patient who can tolerate beta-lactam
Related Topics
COPD ExacerbationSepsisPulmonary Embolism